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Waa mowduuc ku saabsan shirkada cusub ee dowlada Somaliland ka abuurtay debada ,
Somaliland Investment Company.
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Dhamaan akhristayaasha sharafta badan waxaan leeyahay subax wanaagsan.
Dhawaan dowlada Somaliland waxay inoo sheegatay inay abuurtay shirkad saamilay ah, lagana diiwaan galiyey dalka isutaga imaaraadka carabta ,gaar ahaan suuq maaliyadeedka caalamiga ah ee dubai.
Shirkadaas cusub , waxay dhalisay guux badan iyo shaki , ka abuurmay qaabka ay dowladu uga hadashay , warbixinta ilaa hada la hayo oo bulshada qaybo ka mid ahi aanay ku qanacsanayn .
Hadaba waxaan jecelahay bal inaan idinla wadaago , aragtidayda sida loo abuuro shirkadaha ganacsi ee dowliga ah ama gaarka loo leeyahay.
Marka hore waa inuu jiraa qaanuun loo raacayo habka loo abuurayo shirkad ganacsi /maaliyadeed oo dowli ah / la wada leeyahay /ama gaar loo leeyahay .( Companies Act).
Ma doonayo inaan sharaxo noocyada kala duwan ee shirkadaha oo aan ku gudo dhaco , kaliya waxaan rabaa inaan qeexo , marka dowlad ay samaynayso shirkad ay iyadu leedahay ama lala leeyahay , Amaba shirkad gaar loo leeyahay, talaabooyinka saxda ah ee loo maro , si loo ilaaliyo kalsoonida ganacsi ee shirkadaas iyo sharci ahaanshaheeda . (Legal Formalities for Starting Business Institutions).
Marka shirkad la abuurayo, ama la diiwaan galinaayo , waliba shirkadaha saamilayda ah (public /Private companies), ama dalkaaga ka diiwaan gali ama mid shisheeye ,waxa lagama maarmaan ah inay keento documents mucayin ah , oo sheegaaya shirkadaas , nooceeda , ujeedadeeda , xafiiskeeda , raasamaalka lagu bilaabaayo iyo qaabka loo maamulaayo . waa laba document oo iskaabaaya . marka la abuurayo shirkad ganacsi ee loo diiwaangalinaayo si ay u hesho aqoonsi iyo ogolaansho, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah inay soo gudbiso laba fay lama warqadood (Documents).
i). Memorundum of associations (MOA), ah warqada qeexaysa sawirka guud ee shirkada,
ii) Articles of Association (AOA) oo ah habraaca hanaanka maamulka , maaraynta ,suggaya masuliyadaha iyo waajibaadka shaqo iyo shaqaale ee shirkada.
1. Memorandum of Association: A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document prepared in the formation and registration process of a limited liability company to define its relationship with shareholders.
(NB. Limited Liability means= A private company whose owners are legally responsible for its debts only to the extent of the amount of capital they invested, and it can be private or public limited liabilityby shares).
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Somaliland investment company is limited by shares as per the information posted by DIFC.
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Documentigaasi waxa uu ka koobanyahay sidan hoose:
* Name clause : The name clause requires you to state the legal and recognized name of the company.( in la ogaado lana aqoonsado magaca sharciga ah ee shirkada ),
* Registered office clause: The registered office clause requires you to show the physical location of the registered office of the company.( in la ogaado lana aqoonsado xarunta guud ee shirkada ),
* Objective cause: The objective clause requires you to summarize the main objectives for establishing the company with reference to the requirements for shareholding and use of financial resources.( in la soo koobo oo la cadeeyo ujeedada loo asaasayo shirkada , sida saamiyadeeda loo bixinaayo ama cida doonaysa waxyaabaha looga baahanyahay iyo siyaabaha kala duwan ee dhaqaalaha shirkadaas ka soo baxa loo adeegsan doono mustabalka ),
* Liability Clause: The liability clause requires you to state the extent to which shareholders of the company are liable to the debt obligations of the company in the event of the companydissolving. ( oo ah shirkadaasi haday kacdo ama dayn lagu yeesho , waa in la cadeeyo xadka , dadka saamilayda ah, miyaa loo raacayaa xataa hantidooda gaarka ah mise hadba inta saami ay shirkada ku leeyihiin ayay ku eegtahay ),
* Capital clause: The capital clause requires you to state the company’s authorized share capital, the different categories of shares and the nominal value (the minimum value per share) of the shares.( oo ah waa in la cadeeyo raasamaalka loo qoondeeyey shirkada ama la rabo inay gaadho ugu badnaan iyo noocyada kala duwan ee saamiyada ay bixinayso iyo qiimaha u bilaabayo calaa saami ).
Sida , equity shares , preference shares , participative and unparticipative shares , redeemable and irredeemable shares etc.
* Association Clause: This clause states that the persons subscribing their signatures at the end of the Memorandum are desirous of forming themselves into an association in pursuance of the Memorandum.
Memorandum of Association must be signed by seven or more persons in the case of a public company and by two or more persons in the case of a private company. Signatures shall be attested by witnesses.
( dadka saxeexayaa ugu danbaynta waa inay cadeeyaan inay fulinayaan heeshiiskaas , kana go’antahay ,waana inay saxeexaan 7 xubnood ama in ka badan haday tahay shirkadcaam ah la wada leeyahay , 2 iyo waxii ka badan haday tahay shirkad gaar loo leeyahay , waana inay markhaatiyaan sii tasdiiqiyaan saxeexyadooda.).
Fileka koowaad ee laf dhabarka u ah abuurid shirkadeed okay tahay waa kaas intasu ka koobanyahay, kaasaana lagu diiwaanaliyaa oo ka waramaaya sawirka guud ee shirkada , loonabaahanyahay cidkasta oo danaynaysa in laga dhargiyo, loona cadeeyo.
Waxa soo raaca waa document labaad oo ku saabsan , sida shirkada loo maamulaayo , iyo shuruucdeeda gaar ahaaneed ,habraaca maamulka iyo maaraynta arimaha shirkada .
2. Articles of Association: Articles of Association (AOA) is a document containing all the rules and regulations that governs the company.
Waa document sheegaaya , sharaxaaya , hanaanka iyo habraaca maamul ee shirkada , masuuliyadaha kala duwan ee shirkada ,waajibaadka shaqaalaha iyo masuuliyiinta shirkada .
Shirkad waliba nadaamkeeda shaqo waa u gaar kaliya waxa khasab ah , in hanaankeeda maamul , hanaankeeda shaqo abuur ,hanaankeeda xidhiidh eeay la leedahay bulshada uu waafacsanyahay sharciga guud ee dalka , ka shaqada iyo shaqaalaha , sharciga dhowra macaamiisha , laakin shirkad waliba waa la gaar sharuucdeeda gudaha ( internal policy of the compony).
3. Waxa soo raaca (prospective) oo ka waramaya mustaqbalka , marka shirkadaas shaqayso waxay soo kordhinayso iyo halkay gaadhayso . (The potential of company in different prospective).
Sadexdaas documents ayaa ugu muhiimsan guud ahaan marka la abuuraayo shirkad ganacsi ee la rabo inay hesho shahaadada dhaqdhaqaaqa ganacsi amaogolaanshaha sharci ee ganacsi (Certificate of commencement of business). Intaas waxaa dheer in la bixiyo kharash adeega ee diiwaangalinta shirkada (Registration Fee).
Intaas marka la gudbiyo ayaa ay heshaa ogolaansho ama shahaadada ogolaanshaha ka dibna ay yeelanaysaa sharciyad iyo jiritaan ( Legal Entity).
Markaasa ayaa waxa bilaama habkii ay suuqa ku galaysay , inay bixiso saamiyada ama nidaamkaloo yaqaano ( Intial Public Offer IPO, which means issuing shares to the public).
Aan usoo laabto hadaba Somaliland Investment Company, waxay ila tahay sharciga lagu aasaasay ee dalkeena u yaala ,iyo baahida keenatay wali laguma qanci karo,
@Lama hayo documents kii lagu asaasay ee sheegaayey dhamaan warbixinta shirkada , xarunteeda halkay tahay , cida maal gashanaysaa nooca ay tahay , ma somalilanders baa , ma international baa?. Mar haday shirkadu saamilay tahay samaynaysa ganacsi (trading activities) waxay samaynaysaa dakhli , waliba ka abuurmaya wadanka dabadiisa , maxaa lagu samaynayaa ?( use of financial resources generated by thecompany ),
@Waxa kale oo aan cadayn yaa lagu report garaynayaa , hanaan xisaabeedkeeka, masuuliyadiisa yaa leh ?.
@Waxa kale oo shaki ku jiraa warbixinta laynala wadaagay waxa ku cad inay wasaarada maaliyada tahay saamilay bixisay $50,000, inta kale yaa leh, yaase loogu talo galay?.
@$50, 0000 ee ay bixisay wasaarada maaliyadu ma registration feega shirkadaa ee Lagu diiwaangaliyey baa, mise waxa bilaabay IPO oo way iibsatay galin horeba ? haday tahay haa , yaa kale ee iibsaday?.
@Hadii sida la sheegay raasamaalka loo qoondeeyey ee lagu diiwaan galiyey yahay (Authorized Capital of 5 million USD), paid up capital keedu ma $50,000 baa mise waxaa jira paid up capital kale cid kale bixisay oo qarsoon?.
@Shirkad kasta oo la abuurayaa waxay leedahay qadar lacageed oo ay ku bixiso kirooyinka ,cashuuraha , agab iyo xafiisyo waxii ama kharashaadkeeda joogtada ah iyo mid ah waqtiga shirkada la bilaabayo la bixiyo oo loo yaqaano (working capital and preliminary expenditure ) lacagtaasi waa imisa ?, ma dowladaa bixisay mise ashkhaas?,
@Saamiyada ay shirkadu bixinaysaa waa noocyadee? (Equity shares/preference shares/participative or unparticipative shares / redeemable or irredeemable etc?).
@Saxeexayaasha waa 3 kaliya taasoo macnaheedu tahay shirkadaas gaarbaa loo leeyahay , waxa se laynoogu sheegay shirkad dowladeed saamilay ah oo la wada yeelan karo sharciyana ay tahay inay saxeexaan 7 xubnood waliba waa inay sharci ku yimaadaan xubnahaasi maaaama shirkad dowladeed tahay. Waa marka lagu eego indhaha cilmiga ganacsiga .
@Waraaqihii ama documents kii rasmiga ahaa ee shirkada lagu diiwaangaliyey iyo shuruucda loo cuskaday ee laga dheehan lahaa runta waa qarsoonyihiin,
@Masuuliyiinta lagu diiwaan galiyey magacyadooda waa masuuliyiin xilal qaran haya , waxay noqonaysaa (conflict of interest ), halkaana shaki weynbaa ku jira .
Isku soo wada duub , hanaanka loomaray abuurista shirkadaas maaha iyo xogta ilaa hada aynu haynaa maaha wax lagu qanci karo , waanay baal marsantahay curgiga wacan ee lagu abuuro shirkado ganacsi oo sharciya.
Halkaas waxaynu kusoo dhaafaynaa asaasiyaadka iyo hanaanka ganacsi lagu abuuro iyo waraaqaha/faylalka muhiimka u ah ee la wariyo marka laga waramayo.
Aan usoo laabano suaalo ka dhalanaya SIC iyo hanaanka lagu abuuray.
Lasoco qaybaha danbe.hadii alle qadaro.
Abdirashid Hussein Yousuf Gahaydhle
Emal:Gahaydhle@live.com,
Doha,Qatar.